Bocas del Toro Biological Station, Boca del Drago, Isla Colon, Republic of Panama. The biological station is located on a hill facing the Almirante Bay and Volcan Baru on the mainland. Coral reef, sea grass and mangrove ecosystems lie out in front of the station and lowland tropical rain forests lie directly behind. This juxtaposition of the two most biologically diverse ecosystems provides tremendous opportunities for education and research. See: http://www.itec-edu.org/ for details.
COURSE INSTRUCTOR:
Dr. Longin (Lonnie) Kaczmarsky, Institute for Tropical Ecology and Conservation, and Florida International University, phone: (201) 704-8065, email: lkacz001@fiu.edu, solonnie@hotmail.com. Specialty: Coral reef ecology, coral diseases and mariculture.
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course is designed to provide the student with a sound foundation in ecological concepts, techniques and experimental design in field research as applied to coral reef ecosystems. The material covered is equivalent to a university upper level course in coral reef field ecology. The course will begin with a global ecosystem perspective and then will progressively narrow to assess the way in which local reefs are influenced by both global and local phenomena. We will briefly survey reef systems in various parts of the world and focus in depth on Caribbean reefs.
Using the reef at Bocas del Toro as an example, we will carry on an inventory of representative reef biota to characterize a general reef community. We will examine several theories of the origins of reefs and discuss some controversial arguments on the ecological processes ruling the dominant state and health of coral reefs. Students will learn to characterize a general reef community and its place among surrounding marine habitats. The major reef biota will be discussed in terms of their phylogeny, biology, physiology, ecological requirements and roles in species interactions on reefs. We will discuss the impacts of anthropogenic stressors to coral reefs and the role of marine reserves [and coral nurseries] in reef conservation and restoration. In the inventory we will examine and compare several experimental designs and sampling schemes with regard to their usefulness in a reef setting.
Note: Diving certification is not necessary to enroll in this course, but is recommended. For SCUBA-certified (PADI, NAUI, or SSI certified) students who will be diving, there is a $100 Lab Fee with this course which covers dive tank air fill costs. Students with SCUBA certification are expected to bring their own BC, regulators, mask/fins/snorkel and proof of certification.
FORMAL LECTURES:
Lectures will present topics that provide a background for the field work in an interactive discussion format. Topics are selected to teach students about the biology and ecology of the reef organisms they will encounter and permit students to develop an awareness of the objectives of research on coral reefs as well as an appreciation of current theoretical and practical issues in ecology.
LECTURE TOPICS:
- Fundamentals of oceanography, global ecology
- Plate tectonics, formation of ocean basins, continents and ocean currents
- Reef morphology, distribution of reef systems
- Ecological linkages between coral reef, seagrass and mangrove ecosystems
- Coral reef community study: sampling methods for distribution and abundance of organisms
- Coral reef community study: components and interactions, trophic dynamics
- Biology of coral reef organisms: Cnidarians
- Biology of coral reef organisms: Poriferans
- Biology of coral reef organisms: Mollusks, Annelids, Arthropods, and Bryozoans
- Biology of coral reef organisms: Echinoderms and Ascidians
- Biology of coral reef organisms: Fishes
- Biology of coral reef organisms and associated plants: Macroalgae, Seagrass, and Mangroves
- Ecosystem stability, resilience, and fragility/resistance
- Anthropogenic effects on reefs: climate change, pollution, overfishing, and diseases
- Marine protected areas, coral restoration, ecotourism, and environmental policy
READINGS:
Assignments relating to lecture topics will be made from the texts and supplementary research articles provided in the library.
REQUIRED TEXTS:
Sheppard, CRC, Davy, S.K. and G.M. Pilling, The Biology of Coral Reefs, Oxford Press, USA.
Humann, Paul. Reef Coral Identification, New World, Jacksonville, FL.
Humann, Paul. Reef Creature Identification, New World, Jacksonville, FL.
FIELD WORK BRIEFINGS:
Prior to departing for the reef site, dive teams will be formed and the objectives for the day will be outlined and discussed. Assignments will be made to the dive teams and coordinated.
GROUP EXERCISES:
During the first week, students will visit several sites in the vicinity of the station to familiarize themselves with the area and to make observations that may lead to hypotheses that could be tested in individual projects. Students will be organized into dive teams and will carry out field exercises in which they will gain experience in the use of sampling equipment and techniques used in reef research and monitoring. In the evenings, students will participate in debriefing sessions during which they will identify the reef organisms they saw during the dives of the day and record the common name and scientific name of the species in a logbook.
INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECTS:
Each student will be expected to prepare a research proposal for an original project in consultation with faculty. Projects may be suggested by observations made during group exercises or from the research literature, and will be evaluated on the basis of feasibility in the available time, soundness of experimental design and concept. During the final week of the course, data analysis and writing of project reports will be carried out and students will present their results orally in an end-of-course symposium. They will present the research report on their findings in the form of a scientific journal article for evaluation.
BOQUETE CLOUD FOREST FIELD TRIP:
This field trip will allow students the opportunity to visit other areas of Panama, to experience Panamanian culture, and to visit tropical cloud and seasonal forests first hand. We travel in ITEC boats to the mainland and then by chartered bus to Boquete which lies at the base of 11,000 ft. Volcan Baru. The bus trip will take us up and over the central mountain range and through Palo Seco Forest Reserve. Several stops will be made in route.
COURSE LENGTH:
ITEC Summer field courses are about four weeks in length. CRE B-25 will run from June 15 through July 10, 2025.
TUITION:
$2500 USD. Tuition fee includes all lodgings, meals and airport transfers in Bocas del Toro. The tuition also covers transportation and lodging during the three-day cloud forest field trip on the mainland to the town of Boquete. A $100 USD lab fee to cover dive tank air costs is required for this course if you plan to dive. Payments to ITEC should be made by check, EFT (bank transfer) or by PayPal using itec1@itec-edu.org.
REGISTRATION DEADLINE:
15th May 2025. The course is limited to 10 students and applications will be evaluated as they arrive. Applications can be found at http://www.itec-edu.org/application.pdf. Please submit your application online. If you believe that your application may arrive late, notify ITEC.
GRADING AND COURSE CREDIT:
Up to 6 units of credit will be given, 3 for the lecture portion and 3 for the field/lab portion. A letter grade and a written evaluation will be assigned based on grant proposals, journal article, oral presentation as well as attendance and participation in lecture/ discussion and engagement in the material. In the field/lab portion, students will be evaluated on the basis of safe diving practice, development of observational and data collecting skills, reliability as a dive partner and preparedness to go into the field with data collecting equipment and dive gear in order and ready. Other, less tangibles such as personal attitude, motivation and contribution to the course will also be noted. Course credit must be arranged at the student’s institution. Contact ITEC for details.
To appreciate what can be done and experienced while at the ITEC biological station, have a look at the following video produced by a visiting group from Union College. While their course was centered on geophysics, the video is very representative of what to expect at ITEC: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FB0vgAvW-mg
CONTACT INFORMATION:
Institute for Tropical Ecology and Conservation, 2911 NW 40th PL, Gainesville, FL 32605, phone: 352-367-9128 (Gainesville office) or phone or WhatsApp: +507-6853-2134 (Field Station in Panama), Emails: itec@itec-edu.org or peterlahanas@gmail.com website: http://www.itec-edu.org ITEC is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded in 1996.
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